Nikta Boroomandian; Nurallah Mohammadi; Changiz Rahimi Taghanaki
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents experience more positive and negative emotions and emotional fluctuations in comparison to children and adults, so emotion regulation is more important in these ages. In this regard, emotional awareness, as a component and prerequisite of adaptive emotional regulation, is defined ...
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Introduction Adolescents experience more positive and negative emotions and emotional fluctuations in comparison to children and adults, so emotion regulation is more important in these ages. In this regard, emotional awareness, as a component and prerequisite of adaptive emotional regulation, is defined as the ability to focus on emotions, understanding its type and source, distinguishing positive and negative emotions in oneself and others. The purpose of this study was comparing the effects of group therapy, based on interaction and psychodrama methods, on emotional awareness in adolescent girls with psychological distress. Method The method of present study was an experimental research, a pretest-posttest design with control group. The participants of this study were consisted of 33 female students (aged 14-16) with psychological distress in academic year 2016-2017. They were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomly assigned into three equal groups. Intervention was conducted in 10 sessions of 2-hour group therapy, based on interaction and psychodrama, and participants were tested at baseline and post-treatment stages by two questionnaires, Kessler Psychological Distress (K-10) and Riffe Emotional Awareness (EAQ-30). The Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance ANCOVA and MANCOVAmethods. Results Statistical analysis results showed that group therapy, based on interaction and psychodrama methods, had a significant effect on increasing emotional self-awareness (Eta=0.50), it’s components including differentiating emotions (Eta=0.25) and verbal sharing (Eta=0.42) and reducing psychological distress (Eta=0.33) in adolescents. In comparison only psychodrama was significantly effective on improving bodily awareness component (Eta=0.35). The finding generally showed that group therapy based on interaction and psychodrama methods in addition to helping adolescents’ psychological well-being is also effective in improving their emotional self-awareness. Discussion Group therapy as an effective and economic way of therapy can help to improve the emotional self-awareness, emotional regulation and psychological well-being. It can be used at different levels of prevention and treatment of various disorders in society’s different groups, especially adolescents.
C. Rahimi; Z. Rasaie; N. Mohamadi
Volume 21, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 79-100
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the ability of the continuous performance test (CPT) in the differential diagnosis of patients with psychiatric disorders and normal subjects. The research was causal-comparative. Using the convenient sampling method, 27 schizophrenic, 28 major depressive, 29 obsessive-compulsive ...
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The aim of this research was to study the ability of the continuous performance test (CPT) in the differential diagnosis of patients with psychiatric disorders and normal subjects. The research was causal-comparative. Using the convenient sampling method, 27 schizophrenic, 28 major depressive, 29 obsessive-compulsive patients and 29 normal individuals were selected and then matched based on age, gender, educational background and marital status. The Participants’ cognitive performance was assessed using CPT. Data were analyzed using the MANOVAs and the Scheffe post hoc test. Results suggested that, compared to normal subjects, patients with schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorders had a significantly lower performance in three components of the CPT (i.e., omission error, correct response, reaction time). Likewise, depressive patients manifested significantly poor performance in two components of test (i.e., commission error, reaction time). The CPT was accordingly capable of differentiating patients with schizophrenia, major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders from normal individuals, but could not differentiate patient groups.
R. Khorsandi; H. Hadianfard; M. A. Goodarzi; N. Mohammadi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 39-60
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of rumination and reflection and their dimensions (private and public) as predictor variables in depression. Participants included 129 individuals (67 women, 62 men) with different severities of depression and normal people. Depressed subjects were selected ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the role of rumination and reflection and their dimensions (private and public) as predictor variables in depression. Participants included 129 individuals (67 women, 62 men) with different severities of depression and normal people. Depressed subjects were selected through judgmental sampling from clients of psychiatric hospitals or counseling clinics of Shiraz. Normal subjects were selected from people who had no mental disorder, based on a clinical interview and Beck Depression Inventory II. The participants completed the revised version of Rumination - Reflection Inventory (Fleckhammer, 2004), which is consisted of private and public subscales. Correlation and multiple regressions were conducted in two steps. First, total rumination and reflection were entered in the equation. The results showed that, there are positive and significant correlation between depression and total rumination, and negative and significant correlation between depression and reflection, between total rumination and total reflection (p < 0.01). The result of multiple regression showed that total rumination predicted, positively and significantly, total depression (p < 0.0005). Also, reflection predicted, negatively and significantly, total depression (p < 0.0005). At the second stage, public and private rumination and reflection were entered in the equation. The results showed that, there are significant and positive correlation between depression and private and public rumination, and significant and negative correlation between depression and public and private reflection (p < 0.01). The result of multiple regression showed that public rumination (p < 0.001) and private rumination (p < 0.0005), positively and significantly, predicted total depression. Private reflection, negatively and significantly, predicted total depression (p < 0.0005), but public reflection did not predict depression
S.J. Seyed Mahmoudi; Ch. Rahimi; N. Mohamadi; H. Hadian Fard
Volume 17, Issue 2 , December 2010, , Pages 165-186
Abstract
One of the discussed themes in positive psychology is to investigate positive effects of hard stressors on individuals exposed to trauma and to determine variables that facilitate the positive effects. The object of the present study was investigating the role of coping styles and optimism in increasing ...
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One of the discussed themes in positive psychology is to investigate positive effects of hard stressors on individuals exposed to trauma and to determine variables that facilitate the positive effects. The object of the present study was investigating the role of coping styles and optimism in increasing posttraumatic growth (PTG) among individuals with HIV within a six – month period. With this object, we selected a sample (n = 80) with positive HIV (less than two months). Then, in order to assess the extent of the changes, in the six – month interval, the posttraumatic growth inventory was performed by the same sample again. To analyze the data, we conducted dependent t – test and multiple regression analysis besides descriptive statistics. The results showed that posttraumatic growth increased with the passage of time (t = 3.86, P < .001). In addition, the regression analysis revealed that problem – oriented and emotion – oriented styles have different effects on PTG, having in mind that when they have were used. The relationship of optimism to PTG was not significant. These results have important implications when working with persons who are exposed to trauma. On the basis of this, clinicians must be careful of growth possibility and make it eath.
